Formation of Ceramological Collections in Museums of Ukraine (1825 – 1940)

 

DOI: 10.46340/ephd.2023.9.4.2

Oksana Lykova
National Museum of Ukrainian Pottery, Opishne, Ukraine

How to cite: Lykova, O. (2023). Formation of Ceramological Collections in Museums of Ukraine (1825 – 1940) [Formuvannia keramolohichnykh kolektsii u muzeiakh Ukrainy (1825 – 1940)]. European Philosophical and Historical Discourse, 9, 4, 13-19. https://doi.org/10.46340/ephd.2023.9.4.2

 

Abstract

Pottery has an important place in the life of Ukrainians from ancient times to the present day. Currently, many Ukrainian museums have formed departments that have accumulated earthenware, pottery tools and devices, etc. In 1986, the only specialized all-Ukrainian museum of the relevant direction was created. This is the National Museum of Ukrainian Pottery in Opishne. However, ceramological collections of Ukraine have not yet become the subject of comprehensive scientific research. The article describes the main methods of forming ceramological collections in Ukraine from the first private collections, which became the prototypes of museum collections, to the beginning of the Second World War on the territory of Ukraine. The factors of their formation have been sorted out. The foundation of the first ceramics collections in archaeological and university museums was described. Attention is focused on the creation of the first museum of ancient pottery in the Left-Bank Ukraine in a pottery workshop in Opishne in 1904. The author examines museums with the largest collection of ceramics. The history of the formation of ceramological collections in the pre-war period is described briefly, with regard to the modern National Museum of Ukrainian Decorative Folk Art (Kyiv), Chernihiv Historical Museum of V. Tarnovskiy (Chernihiv), Dnipro National History Museum of D. Yavornytsky (Dnipro), the Museum of Ethnography and Crafts (Lviv). Among the main ways of replenishing collections, the author marks the following ones: gifts, nationalization of private collections, archaeological and ethnographic expeditions, and purchases at trade shows and private parties. Attention is focused on the active export of traditional Ukrainian ceramics by the Russian government in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was determined that almost all collections of ceramics in the studied period were formed unsystematically, by the efforts of enthusiasts. In the end, the main stages of the formation of ceramic collections in Ukraine in the specified period are highlighted.
Keywords: ceramics, formation of the ceramological collection, the museum, Ukraine.

 

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